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Adyghe Habze
Adyghe Habze, also Circassian Habze or Habza (Adyghe: Адыгэ Хабзэ /adəɣa xaːbza/ ; derived from хы ''khy'', meaning "order", plus бзэ ''bze'', meaning "speech"), also spelled Khabze, Khabza or Xabze, also called Habzism,〔(«Хабзисты». Кто они? )〕 defines〔Khabze.info. (Khabze: the religious system of Circassians ).〕 the original ethnic religion, philosophy and worldview of the Adyghe or Circassians, an ethnic group of North Caucasian stock inhabiting areas of Caucasia: the republic of Adygea, and the bordering republics of Karachay-Cherkessia and Kabardino-Balkaria (the Kabard subgroup), all three within the domains of Russia. The Adyghe Native Religion was influenced by Hellenic religion and philosophy at the time of Greek colonisation in the Caucasus.
The belief system takes its name from the Circassian epic ''Nart Saga'', originally orally transmitted, which has heavily contributed to the shaping of Adyghe values over the centuries. Although historically Islamised, the period of the Soviet Union contributed to a severe weakening of Islam in the area, and especially among the Adyghe-Circassians. With the fall of the Soviet regime, the revival of Habzism was supported by Adyghe intellectuals as part of a rise in nationalism and cultural identity in the 1990s,〔Paul Golbe. ''Window on Eurasia: Circassians Caught Between Two Globalizing "Mill Stones", Russian Commentator Says''. On ''Windows on Eurasia'', January 2013.〕 and more recently as a thwarting force against Wahhabism and Islamic fundamentalism.〔Авраам Шмулевич. ''Хабзэ против Ислама. Промежуточный манифест''.〕
The movement has developed a following especially in Karachay-Cherkessia (12%) and Kabardino-Balkaria (3%), according to 2012 statistics.〔(Arena - Atlas of Religions and Nationalities in Russia ) • sreda.org〕 On the 29th of December 2010 a prominent Kabard-Circassian ethnographer and Habze advocate, Arsen Tsipinov,〔(Central Asia-Caucasus Analyst ). Vol. 3, No. 4. 21-03-2011. p.4〕 was killed by radical Muslims, who warned him months earlier to stop publicizing the rituals of the original Circassian faith.〔''(North Caucasus Insurgency Admits Killing Circassian Ethnographer )''. Caucasus Report, 2010. ''Retrieved 24-09-2012''.〕〔Valery Dzutsev. ''(High-profile Murders in Kabardino-Balkaria Underscore the Government’s Inability to Control Situation in the Republic )''. ''Eurasia Daily Monitor'', volume 8, issue 1, 2011. ''Retrieved 24-09-2012''.〕
==Etymology==
"Habze" (Хабзэ) is an Abkhazian compound made up from хы "khy", meaning "vast" or "universe", plus бзэ "bze", meaning "speech", "word", "language".〔Khabze.info. (What is Khabze? )〕 Thus its meaning is roughly "Language of the Universe" or "Word of the Cosmos", comparable to the concept of ''Dharma''.
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